How long are dogs pregnant?
Dog pregnancy (gestation) lasts about 63 days from ovulation. Because sperm can survive for several days and the exact ovulation date is often unknown, counting from the breeding date gives a range of about 58 to 68 days. If your vet tracked progesterone levels, ask for a more precise due date.
Dog pregnancy week by week
| Week | Days | What is happening |
|---|---|---|
| 1-2 | 1-14 | Fertilization; embryos travel to the uterus. No visible signs. |
| 3 | 15-21 | Embryos implant. Some dogs show mild morning sickness or appetite change. |
| 4 | 22-28 | Vet can feel swellings (palpation) around day 28; relaxin test becomes reliable. |
| 5 | 29-35 | Ultrasound confirms pregnancy and heartbeats. Weight gain begins. |
| 6 | 36-42 | Belly enlarges; nipples darken. Gradually increase food. |
| 7 | 43-49 | Puppies' skeletons mineralize; x-ray after day 45 can count them. |
| 8 | 50-56 | Puppies may be felt moving. Introduce the whelping box. |
| 9 | 57-65 | Nesting, restlessness, loss of appetite. Temperature drops below about 100°F (37.8°C) roughly 12-24 hours before labor. |
Feeding a pregnant dog
Energy needs rise mainly in the last third of pregnancy. Many vets recommend switching to a high-quality puppy (growth) food from around week 6 and increasing portions gradually, by about 25-50% by whelping. During nursing, needs can climb to two to four times maintenance depending on litter size.
When to call the vet
- Strong straining for 30-60 minutes without producing a puppy.
- More than 2 hours between puppies with puppies still expected.
- Green or bloody discharge before the first puppy.
- No labor by day 68 from breeding, or signs of illness, fever or collapse.
Frequently asked questions
How long is a dog pregnant?
About 63 days, with a normal range of roughly 58-68 days from breeding.
How soon can a vet confirm pregnancy?
A relaxin blood test works from about day 22-30, ultrasound from about day 25-35, and x-rays after about day 45 can count puppies.
What are early signs of pregnancy in dogs?
Early signs are subtle: mild appetite changes, slight lethargy and, around week 4-5, nipple enlargement. Many dogs show no clear signs until week 5 or 6.
How can I tell labor is coming?
Nesting, restlessness, refusing food and a drop in rectal temperature below about 100°F (37.8°C) usually mean labor within 24 hours.